Model analysis using TFX Pipeline and TensorFlow Model Analysis

In this notebook-based tutorial, we will create and run a TFX pipeline which creates a simple classification model and analyzes its performance across multiple runs. This notebook is based on the TFX pipeline we built in Simple TFX Pipeline Tutorial. If you have not read that tutorial yet, you should read it before proceeding with this notebook.

As you tweak your model or train it with a new dataset, you need to check whether your model has improved or become worse. Just checking top-level metrics like accuracy might not be enough. Every trained model should be evaluated before it is pushed to production.

We will add an Evaluator component to the pipeline created in the previous tutorial. The Evaluator component performs deep analysis for your models and compare the new model against a baseline to determine they are "good enough". It is implemented using the TensorFlow Model Analysis library.

Please see Understanding TFX Pipelines to learn more about various concepts in TFX.

Set Up

The Set up process is the same as the previous tutorial.

We first need to install the TFX Python package and download the dataset which we will use for our model.

Upgrade Pip

To avoid upgrading Pip in a system when running locally, check to make sure that we are running in Colab. Local systems can of course be upgraded separately.

try:
  import colab
  !pip install --upgrade pip
except:
  pass

Install TFX

pip install -U tfx

Did you restart the runtime?

If you are using Google Colab, the first time that you run the cell above, you must restart the runtime by clicking above "RESTART RUNTIME" button or using "Runtime > Restart runtime ..." menu. This is because of the way that Colab loads packages.

Check the TensorFlow and TFX versions.

import tensorflow as tf
print('TensorFlow version: {}'.format(tf.__version__))
from tfx import v1 as tfx
print('TFX version: {}'.format(tfx.__version__))
2024-05-08 09:12:22.461208: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_dnn.cc:9261] Unable to register cuDNN factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuDNN when one has already been registered
2024-05-08 09:12:22.461259: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_fft.cc:607] Unable to register cuFFT factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuFFT when one has already been registered
2024-05-08 09:12:22.462861: E external/local_xla/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_blas.cc:1515] Unable to register cuBLAS factory: Attempting to register factory for plugin cuBLAS when one has already been registered
TensorFlow version: 2.15.1
TFX version: 1.15.0

Set up variables

There are some variables used to define a pipeline. You can customize these variables as you want. By default all output from the pipeline will be generated under the current directory.

import os

PIPELINE_NAME = "penguin-tfma"

# Output directory to store artifacts generated from the pipeline.
PIPELINE_ROOT = os.path.join('pipelines', PIPELINE_NAME)
# Path to a SQLite DB file to use as an MLMD storage.
METADATA_PATH = os.path.join('metadata', PIPELINE_NAME, 'metadata.db')
# Output directory where created models from the pipeline will be exported.
SERVING_MODEL_DIR = os.path.join('serving_model', PIPELINE_NAME)

from absl import logging
logging.set_verbosity(logging.INFO)  # Set default logging level.

Prepare example data

We will use the same Palmer Penguins dataset.

There are four numeric features in this dataset which were already normalized to have range [0,1]. We will build a classification model which predicts the species of penguins.

Because TFX ExampleGen reads inputs from a directory, we need to create a directory and copy dataset to it.

import urllib.request
import tempfile

DATA_ROOT = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='tfx-data')  # Create a temporary directory.
_data_url = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tensorflow/tfx/master/tfx/examples/penguin/data/labelled/penguins_processed.csv'
_data_filepath = os.path.join(DATA_ROOT, "data.csv")
urllib.request.urlretrieve(_data_url, _data_filepath)
('/tmpfs/tmp/tfx-datakcma5ryu/data.csv',
 <http.client.HTTPMessage at 0x7fc5d80acb80>)

Create a pipeline

We will add an Evaluator component to the pipeline we created in the Simple TFX Pipeline Tutorial.

An Evaluator component requires input data from an ExampleGen component and a model from a Trainer component and a tfma.EvalConfig object. We can optionally supply a baseline model which can be used to compare metrics with the newly trained model.

An evaluator creates two kinds of output artifacts, ModelEvaluation and ModelBlessing. ModelEvaluation contains the detailed evaluation result which can be investigated and visualized further with TFMA library. ModelBlessing contains a boolean result whether the model passed given criteria and can be used in later components like a Pusher as a signal.

Write model training code

We will use the same model code as in the Simple TFX Pipeline Tutorial.

_trainer_module_file = 'penguin_trainer.py'
%%writefile {_trainer_module_file}

# Copied from https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx/tutorials/tfx/penguin_simple

from typing import List
from absl import logging
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow_transform.tf_metadata import schema_utils

from tfx.components.trainer.executor import TrainerFnArgs
from tfx.components.trainer.fn_args_utils import DataAccessor
from tfx_bsl.tfxio import dataset_options
from tensorflow_metadata.proto.v0 import schema_pb2

_FEATURE_KEYS = [
    'culmen_length_mm', 'culmen_depth_mm', 'flipper_length_mm', 'body_mass_g'
]
_LABEL_KEY = 'species'

_TRAIN_BATCH_SIZE = 20
_EVAL_BATCH_SIZE = 10

# Since we're not generating or creating a schema, we will instead create
# a feature spec.  Since there are a fairly small number of features this is
# manageable for this dataset.
_FEATURE_SPEC = {
    **{
        feature: tf.io.FixedLenFeature(shape=[1], dtype=tf.float32)
           for feature in _FEATURE_KEYS
       },
    _LABEL_KEY: tf.io.FixedLenFeature(shape=[1], dtype=tf.int64)
}


def _input_fn(file_pattern: List[str],
              data_accessor: DataAccessor,
              schema: schema_pb2.Schema,
              batch_size: int = 200) -> tf.data.Dataset:
  """Generates features and label for training.

  Args:
    file_pattern: List of paths or patterns of input tfrecord files.
    data_accessor: DataAccessor for converting input to RecordBatch.
    schema: schema of the input data.
    batch_size: representing the number of consecutive elements of returned
      dataset to combine in a single batch

  Returns:
    A dataset that contains (features, indices) tuple where features is a
      dictionary of Tensors, and indices is a single Tensor of label indices.
  """
  return data_accessor.tf_dataset_factory(
      file_pattern,
      dataset_options.TensorFlowDatasetOptions(
          batch_size=batch_size, label_key=_LABEL_KEY),
      schema=schema).repeat()


def _build_keras_model() -> tf.keras.Model:
  """Creates a DNN Keras model for classifying penguin data.

  Returns:
    A Keras Model.
  """
  # The model below is built with Functional API, please refer to
  # https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/overview for all API options.
  inputs = [keras.layers.Input(shape=(1,), name=f) for f in _FEATURE_KEYS]
  d = keras.layers.concatenate(inputs)
  for _ in range(2):
    d = keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(d)
  outputs = keras.layers.Dense(3)(d)

  model = keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=outputs)
  model.compile(
      optimizer=keras.optimizers.Adam(1e-2),
      loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True),
      metrics=[keras.metrics.SparseCategoricalAccuracy()])

  model.summary(print_fn=logging.info)
  return model


# TFX Trainer will call this function.
def run_fn(fn_args: TrainerFnArgs):
  """Train the model based on given args.

  Args:
    fn_args: Holds args used to train the model as name/value pairs.
  """

  # This schema is usually either an output of SchemaGen or a manually-curated
  # version provided by pipeline author. A schema can also derived from TFT
  # graph if a Transform component is used. In the case when either is missing,
  # `schema_from_feature_spec` could be used to generate schema from very simple
  # feature_spec, but the schema returned would be very primitive.
  schema = schema_utils.schema_from_feature_spec(_FEATURE_SPEC)

  train_dataset = _input_fn(
      fn_args.train_files,
      fn_args.data_accessor,
      schema,
      batch_size=_TRAIN_BATCH_SIZE)
  eval_dataset = _input_fn(
      fn_args.eval_files,
      fn_args.data_accessor,
      schema,
      batch_size=_EVAL_BATCH_SIZE)

  model = _build_keras_model()
  model.fit(
      train_dataset,
      steps_per_epoch=fn_args.train_steps,
      validation_data=eval_dataset,
      validation_steps=fn_args.eval_steps)

  # The result of the training should be saved in `fn_args.serving_model_dir`
  # directory.
  model.save(fn_args.serving_model_dir, save_format='tf')
Writing penguin_trainer.py

Write a pipeline definition

We will define a function to create a TFX pipeline. In addition to the Evaluator component we mentioned above, we will add one more node called Resolver. To check a new model is getting better than previous model, we need to compare it against a previous published model, called baseline. ML Metadata(MLMD) tracks all previous artifacts of the pipeline and Resolver can find what was the latest blessed model -- a model passed Evaluator successfully -- from MLMD using a strategy class called LatestBlessedModelStrategy.

import tensorflow_model_analysis as tfma

def _create_pipeline(pipeline_name: str, pipeline_root: str, data_root: str,
                     module_file: str, serving_model_dir: str,
                     metadata_path: str) -> tfx.dsl.Pipeline:
  """Creates a three component penguin pipeline with TFX."""
  # Brings data into the pipeline.
  example_gen = tfx.components.CsvExampleGen(input_base=data_root)

  # Uses user-provided Python function that trains a model.
  trainer = tfx.components.Trainer(
      module_file=module_file,
      examples=example_gen.outputs['examples'],
      train_args=tfx.proto.TrainArgs(num_steps=100),
      eval_args=tfx.proto.EvalArgs(num_steps=5))

  # NEW: Get the latest blessed model for Evaluator.
  model_resolver = tfx.dsl.Resolver(
      strategy_class=tfx.dsl.experimental.LatestBlessedModelStrategy,
      model=tfx.dsl.Channel(type=tfx.types.standard_artifacts.Model),
      model_blessing=tfx.dsl.Channel(
          type=tfx.types.standard_artifacts.ModelBlessing)).with_id(
              'latest_blessed_model_resolver')

  # NEW: Uses TFMA to compute evaluation statistics over features of a model and
  #   perform quality validation of a candidate model (compared to a baseline).

  eval_config = tfma.EvalConfig(
      model_specs=[tfma.ModelSpec(label_key='species')],
      slicing_specs=[
          # An empty slice spec means the overall slice, i.e. the whole dataset.
          tfma.SlicingSpec(),
          # Calculate metrics for each penguin species.
          tfma.SlicingSpec(feature_keys=['species']),
          ],
      metrics_specs=[
          tfma.MetricsSpec(per_slice_thresholds={
              'sparse_categorical_accuracy':
                  tfma.PerSliceMetricThresholds(thresholds=[
                      tfma.PerSliceMetricThreshold(
                          slicing_specs=[tfma.SlicingSpec()],
                          threshold=tfma.MetricThreshold(
                              value_threshold=tfma.GenericValueThreshold(
                                   lower_bound={'value': 0.6}),
                              # Change threshold will be ignored if there is no
                              # baseline model resolved from MLMD (first run).
                              change_threshold=tfma.GenericChangeThreshold(
                                  direction=tfma.MetricDirection.HIGHER_IS_BETTER,
                                  absolute={'value': -1e-10}))
                       )]),
          })],
      )
  evaluator = tfx.components.Evaluator(
      examples=example_gen.outputs['examples'],
      model=trainer.outputs['model'],
      baseline_model=model_resolver.outputs['model'],
      eval_config=eval_config)

  # Checks whether the model passed the validation steps and pushes the model
  # to a file destination if check passed.
  pusher = tfx.components.Pusher(
      model=trainer.outputs['model'],
      model_blessing=evaluator.outputs['blessing'], # Pass an evaluation result.
      push_destination=tfx.proto.PushDestination(
          filesystem=tfx.proto.PushDestination.Filesystem(
              base_directory=serving_model_dir)))

  components = [
      example_gen,
      trainer,

      # Following two components were added to the pipeline.
      model_resolver,
      evaluator,

      pusher,
  ]

  return tfx.dsl.Pipeline(
      pipeline_name=pipeline_name,
      pipeline_root=pipeline_root,
      metadata_connection_config=tfx.orchestration.metadata
      .sqlite_metadata_connection_config(metadata_path),
      components=components)

We need to supply the following information to the Evaluator via eval_config:

  • Additional metrics to configure (if want more metrics than defined in model).
  • Slices to configure
  • Model validations thresholds to verify if validation to be included

Because SparseCategoricalAccuracy was already included in the model.compile() call, it will be included in the analysis automatically. So we do not add any additional metrics here. SparseCategoricalAccuracy will be used to decide whether the model is good enough, too.

We compute the metrics for the whole dataset and for each penguin species. SlicingSpec specifies how we aggregate the declared metrics.

There are two thresholds that a new model should pass, one is an absolute threshold of 0.6 and the other is a relative threshold that it should be higher than the baseline model. When you run the pipeline for the first time, the change_threshold will be ignored and only the value_threshold will be checked. If you run the pipeline more than once, the Resolver will find a model from the previous run and it will be used as a baseline model for the comparison.

See Evaluator component guide for more information.

Run the pipeline

We will use LocalDagRunner as in the previous tutorial.

tfx.orchestration.LocalDagRunner().run(
  _create_pipeline(
      pipeline_name=PIPELINE_NAME,
      pipeline_root=PIPELINE_ROOT,
      data_root=DATA_ROOT,
      module_file=_trainer_module_file,
      serving_model_dir=SERVING_MODEL_DIR,
      metadata_path=METADATA_PATH))
INFO:absl:Generating ephemeral wheel package for '/tmpfs/src/temp/docs/tutorials/tfx/penguin_trainer.py' (including modules: ['penguin_trainer']).
INFO:absl:User module package has hash fingerprint version 1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703.
INFO:absl:Executing: ['/tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/bin/python', '/tmpfs/tmp/tmprw4uskdx/_tfx_generated_setup.py', 'bdist_wheel', '--bdist-dir', '/tmpfs/tmp/tmp380pw4r5', '--dist-dir', '/tmpfs/tmp/tmp3ooau66m']
/tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py:66: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: setup.py install is deprecated.
!!

        ********************************************************************************
        Please avoid running ``setup.py`` directly.
        Instead, use pypa/build, pypa/installer or other
        standards-based tools.

        See https://blog.ganssle.io/articles/2021/10/setup-py-deprecated.html for details.
        ********************************************************************************

!!
  self.initialize_options()
INFO:absl:Successfully built user code wheel distribution at 'pipelines/penguin-tfma/_wheels/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl'; target user module is 'penguin_trainer'.
INFO:absl:Full user module path is 'penguin_trainer@pipelines/penguin-tfma/_wheels/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl'
INFO:absl:Using deployment config:
 executor_specs {
  key: "CsvExampleGen"
  value {
    beam_executable_spec {
      python_executor_spec {
        class_path: "tfx.components.example_gen.csv_example_gen.executor.Executor"
      }
    }
  }
}
executor_specs {
  key: "Evaluator"
  value {
    beam_executable_spec {
      python_executor_spec {
        class_path: "tfx.components.evaluator.executor.Executor"
      }
    }
  }
}
executor_specs {
  key: "Pusher"
  value {
    python_class_executable_spec {
      class_path: "tfx.components.pusher.executor.Executor"
    }
  }
}
executor_specs {
  key: "Trainer"
  value {
    python_class_executable_spec {
      class_path: "tfx.components.trainer.executor.GenericExecutor"
    }
  }
}
custom_driver_specs {
  key: "CsvExampleGen"
  value {
    python_class_executable_spec {
      class_path: "tfx.components.example_gen.driver.FileBasedDriver"
    }
  }
}
metadata_connection_config {
  database_connection_config {
    sqlite {
      filename_uri: "metadata/penguin-tfma/metadata.db"
      connection_mode: READWRITE_OPENCREATE
    }
  }
}

INFO:absl:Using connection config:
 sqlite {
  filename_uri: "metadata/penguin-tfma/metadata.db"
  connection_mode: READWRITE_OPENCREATE
}

INFO:absl:Component CsvExampleGen is running.
INFO:absl:Running launcher for node_info {
  type {
    name: "tfx.components.example_gen.csv_example_gen.component.CsvExampleGen"
  }
  id: "CsvExampleGen"
}
contexts {
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline_run"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "node"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma.CsvExampleGen"
      }
    }
  }
}
outputs {
  outputs {
    key: "examples"
    value {
      artifact_spec {
        type {
          name: "Examples"
          properties {
            key: "span"
            value: INT
          }
          properties {
            key: "split_names"
            value: STRING
          }
          properties {
            key: "version"
            value: INT
          }
          base_type: DATASET
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
parameters {
  parameters {
    key: "input_base"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "/tmpfs/tmp/tfx-datakcma5ryu"
      }
    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "input_config"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "{\n  \"splits\": [\n    {\n      \"name\": \"single_split\",\n      \"pattern\": \"*\"\n    }\n  ]\n}"
      }
    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "output_config"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "{\n  \"split_config\": {\n    \"splits\": [\n      {\n        \"hash_buckets\": 2,\n        \"name\": \"train\"\n      },\n      {\n        \"hash_buckets\": 1,\n        \"name\": \"eval\"\n      }\n    ]\n  }\n}"
      }
    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "output_data_format"
    value {
      field_value {
        int_value: 6
      }
    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "output_file_format"
    value {
      field_value {
        int_value: 5
      }
    }
  }
}
downstream_nodes: "Evaluator"
downstream_nodes: "Trainer"
execution_options {
  caching_options {
  }
}

INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib
copying penguin_trainer.py -> build/lib
installing to /tmpfs/tmp/tmp380pw4r5
running install
running install_lib
copying build/lib/penguin_trainer.py -> /tmpfs/tmp/tmp380pw4r5
running install_egg_info
running egg_info
creating tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info
writing tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info/top_level.txt
writing manifest file 'tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest file 'tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
writing manifest file 'tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
Copying tfx_user_code_Trainer.egg-info to /tmpfs/tmp/tmp380pw4r5/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3.9.egg-info
running install_scripts
creating /tmpfs/tmp/tmp380pw4r5/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703.dist-info/WHEEL
creating '/tmpfs/tmp/tmp3ooau66m/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl' and adding '/tmpfs/tmp/tmp380pw4r5' to it
adding 'penguin_trainer.py'
adding 'tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703.dist-info/METADATA'
adding 'tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703.dist-info/WHEEL'
adding 'tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703.dist-info/top_level.txt'
adding 'tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703.dist-info/RECORD'
removing /tmpfs/tmp/tmp380pw4r5
INFO:absl:[CsvExampleGen] Resolved inputs: ({},)
INFO:absl:select span and version = (0, None)
INFO:absl:latest span and version = (0, None)
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution 1
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution: ExecutionInfo(execution_id=1, input_dict={}, output_dict=defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'examples': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/examples/1"
custom_properties {
  key: "input_fingerprint"
  value {
    string_value: "split:single_split,num_files:1,total_bytes:25648,xor_checksum:1715159548,sum_checksum:1715159548"
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "span"
  value {
    int_value: 0
  }
}
, artifact_type: name: "Examples"
properties {
  key: "span"
  value: INT
}
properties {
  key: "split_names"
  value: STRING
}
properties {
  key: "version"
  value: INT
}
base_type: DATASET
)]}), exec_properties={'output_file_format': 5, 'output_config': '{\n  "split_config": {\n    "splits": [\n      {\n        "hash_buckets": 2,\n        "name": "train"\n      },\n      {\n        "hash_buckets": 1,\n        "name": "eval"\n      }\n    ]\n  }\n}', 'input_base': '/tmpfs/tmp/tfx-datakcma5ryu', 'input_config': '{\n  "splits": [\n    {\n      "name": "single_split",\n      "pattern": "*"\n    }\n  ]\n}', 'output_data_format': 6, 'span': 0, 'version': None, 'input_fingerprint': 'split:single_split,num_files:1,total_bytes:25648,xor_checksum:1715159548,sum_checksum:1715159548'}, execution_output_uri='pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/.system/executor_execution/1/executor_output.pb', stateful_working_dir='pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/.system/stateful_working_dir/71dcf2a2-5c57-4eda-b836-d76ab760acc0', tmp_dir='pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/.system/executor_execution/1/.temp/', pipeline_node=node_info {
  type {
    name: "tfx.components.example_gen.csv_example_gen.component.CsvExampleGen"
  }
  id: "CsvExampleGen"
}
contexts {
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline_run"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "node"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma.CsvExampleGen"
      }
    }
  }
}
outputs {
  outputs {
    key: "examples"
    value {
      artifact_spec {
        type {
          name: "Examples"
          properties {
            key: "span"
            value: INT
          }
          properties {
            key: "split_names"
            value: STRING
          }
          properties {
            key: "version"
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  }
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parameters {
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    value {
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        string_value: "/tmpfs/tmp/tfx-datakcma5ryu"
      }
    }
  }
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    key: "input_config"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "{\n  \"splits\": [\n    {\n      \"name\": \"single_split\",\n      \"pattern\": \"*\"\n    }\n  ]\n}"
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    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "output_config"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "{\n  \"split_config\": {\n    \"splits\": [\n      {\n        \"hash_buckets\": 2,\n        \"name\": \"train\"\n      },\n      {\n        \"hash_buckets\": 1,\n        \"name\": \"eval\"\n      }\n    ]\n  }\n}"
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    value {
      field_value {
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    value {
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downstream_nodes: "Evaluator"
downstream_nodes: "Trainer"
execution_options {
  caching_options {
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}
, pipeline_info=id: "penguin-tfma"
, pipeline_run_id='2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391', top_level_pipeline_run_id=None, frontend_url=None)
INFO:absl:Generating examples.
WARNING:apache_beam.runners.interactive.interactive_environment:Dependencies required for Interactive Beam PCollection visualization are not available, please use: `pip install apache-beam[interactive]` to install necessary dependencies to enable all data visualization features.
INFO:absl:Processing input csv data /tmpfs/tmp/tfx-datakcma5ryu/* to TFExample.
WARNING:apache_beam.io.tfrecordio:Couldn't find python-snappy so the implementation of _TFRecordUtil._masked_crc32c is not as fast as it could be.
INFO:absl:Examples generated.
INFO:absl:Value type <class 'NoneType'> of key version in exec_properties is not supported, going to drop it
INFO:absl:Value type <class 'list'> of key _beam_pipeline_args in exec_properties is not supported, going to drop it
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateless execution info.
INFO:absl:Execution 1 succeeded.
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateful execution info.
INFO:absl:Deleted stateful_working_dir pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/.system/stateful_working_dir/71dcf2a2-5c57-4eda-b836-d76ab760acc0
INFO:absl:Publishing output artifacts defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'examples': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/examples/1"
custom_properties {
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, artifact_type: name: "Examples"
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properties {
  key: "split_names"
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INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Component CsvExampleGen is finished.
INFO:absl:Component latest_blessed_model_resolver is running.
INFO:absl:Running launcher for node_info {
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downstream_nodes: "Evaluator"
execution_options {
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INFO:absl:Running as an resolver node.
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:[latest_blessed_model_resolver] Resolved inputs: ({'model_blessing': [], 'model': []},)
INFO:absl:Component latest_blessed_model_resolver is finished.
INFO:absl:Component Trainer is running.
INFO:absl:Running launcher for node_info {
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  id: "Trainer"
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contexts {
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inputs {
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outputs {
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downstream_nodes: "Pusher"
execution_options {
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}

INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
WARNING:absl:ArtifactQuery.property_predicate is not supported.
INFO:absl:[Trainer] Resolved inputs: ({'examples': [Artifact(artifact: id: 1
type_id: 15
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/examples/1"
properties {
  key: "split_names"
  value {
    string_value: "[\"train\", \"eval\"]"
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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state: LIVE
type: "Examples"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
, artifact_type: id: 15
name: "Examples"
properties {
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properties {
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base_type: DATASET
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INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution 3
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution: ExecutionInfo(execution_id=3, input_dict={'examples': [Artifact(artifact: id: 1
type_id: 15
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/examples/1"
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
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state: LIVE
type: "Examples"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
, artifact_type: id: 15
name: "Examples"
properties {
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properties {
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properties {
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base_type: DATASET
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base_type: MODEL
)], 'model_run': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model_run/3"
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contexts {
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    name {
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inputs {
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        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline"
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          name {
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        context_queries {
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          name {
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              string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
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        context_queries {
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            base_type: DATASET
          }
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        output_key: "examples"
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      min_count: 1
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outputs {
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    key: "model"
    value {
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          name: "Model"
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  }
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      }
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  parameters {
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    value {
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        string_value: "{\n  \"num_steps\": 100\n}"
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upstream_nodes: "CsvExampleGen"
downstream_nodes: "Evaluator"
downstream_nodes: "Pusher"
execution_options {
  caching_options {
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}
, pipeline_info=id: "penguin-tfma"
, pipeline_run_id='2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391', top_level_pipeline_run_id=None, frontend_url=None)
INFO:absl:Train on the 'train' split when train_args.splits is not set.
INFO:absl:Evaluate on the 'eval' split when eval_args.splits is not set.
INFO:absl:udf_utils.get_fn {'module_path': 'penguin_trainer@pipelines/penguin-tfma/_wheels/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl', 'custom_config': 'null', 'train_args': '{\n  "num_steps": 100\n}', 'eval_args': '{\n  "num_steps": 5\n}'} 'run_fn'
INFO:absl:Installing 'pipelines/penguin-tfma/_wheels/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl' to a temporary directory.
INFO:absl:Executing: ['/tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/bin/python', '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--target', '/tmpfs/tmp/tmpflpa4y_q', 'pipelines/penguin-tfma/_wheels/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl']
Processing ./pipelines/penguin-tfma/_wheels/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl
INFO:absl:Successfully installed 'pipelines/penguin-tfma/_wheels/tfx_user_code_Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703-py3-none-any.whl'.
INFO:absl:Training model.
INFO:absl:Feature body_mass_g has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_depth_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature flipper_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature species has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
Installing collected packages: tfx-user-code-Trainer
Successfully installed tfx-user-code-Trainer-0.0+1e19049dced0ccb21e0af60dae1c6e0ef09b63d1ff0e370d7f699920c2735703
WARNING:tensorflow:From /tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/tfx_bsl/tfxio/tf_example_record.py:343: parse_example_dataset (from tensorflow.python.data.experimental.ops.parsing_ops) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Use `tf.data.Dataset.map(tf.io.parse_example(...))` instead.
WARNING:tensorflow:From /tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/tfx_bsl/tfxio/tf_example_record.py:343: parse_example_dataset (from tensorflow.python.data.experimental.ops.parsing_ops) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Use `tf.data.Dataset.map(tf.io.parse_example(...))` instead.
INFO:absl:Feature body_mass_g has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_depth_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature flipper_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature species has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature body_mass_g has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_depth_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature flipper_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature species has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature body_mass_g has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_depth_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature culmen_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature flipper_length_mm has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Feature species has a shape dim {
  size: 1
}
. Setting to DenseTensor.
INFO:absl:Model: "model"
INFO:absl:__________________________________________________________________________________________________
INFO:absl: Layer (type)                Output Shape                 Param #   Connected to                  
INFO:absl:==================================================================================================
INFO:absl: culmen_length_mm (InputLay  [(None, 1)]                  0         []                            
INFO:absl: er)                                                                                              
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl: culmen_depth_mm (InputLaye  [(None, 1)]                  0         []                            
INFO:absl: r)                                                                                               
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl: flipper_length_mm (InputLa  [(None, 1)]                  0         []                            
INFO:absl: yer)                                                                                             
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl: body_mass_g (InputLayer)    [(None, 1)]                  0         []                            
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl: concatenate (Concatenate)   (None, 4)                    0         ['culmen_length_mm[0][0]',    
INFO:absl:                                                                     'culmen_depth_mm[0][0]',     
INFO:absl:                                                                     'flipper_length_mm[0][0]',   
INFO:absl:                                                                     'body_mass_g[0][0]']         
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl: dense (Dense)               (None, 8)                    40        ['concatenate[0][0]']         
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl: dense_1 (Dense)             (None, 8)                    72        ['dense[0][0]']               
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl: dense_2 (Dense)             (None, 3)                    27        ['dense_1[0][0]']             
INFO:absl:                                                                                                  
INFO:absl:==================================================================================================
INFO:absl:Total params: 139 (556.00 Byte)
INFO:absl:Trainable params: 139 (556.00 Byte)
INFO:absl:Non-trainable params: 0 (0.00 Byte)
INFO:absl:__________________________________________________________________________________________________
WARNING: All log messages before absl::InitializeLog() is called are written to STDERR
I0000 00:00:1715159557.217578   10799 device_compiler.h:186] Compiled cluster using XLA!  This line is logged at most once for the lifetime of the process.
100/100 [==============================] - 2s 5ms/step - loss: 0.4620 - sparse_categorical_accuracy: 0.8455 - val_loss: 0.1694 - val_sparse_categorical_accuracy: 0.9400
INFO:absl:Function `_wrapped_model` contains input name(s) resource with unsupported characters which will be renamed to model_dense_2_biasadd_readvariableop_resource in the SavedModel.
INFO:tensorflow:Assets written to: pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3/Format-Serving/assets
INFO:tensorflow:Assets written to: pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3/Format-Serving/assets
INFO:absl:Writing fingerprint to pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3/Format-Serving/fingerprint.pb
INFO:absl:Training complete. Model written to pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3/Format-Serving. ModelRun written to pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model_run/3
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateless execution info.
INFO:absl:Execution 3 succeeded.
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateful execution info.
INFO:absl:Deleted stateful_working_dir pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/.system/stateful_working_dir/cc01f07b-5e10-46fd-89d4-e0e7d78fb6fe
INFO:absl:Publishing output artifacts defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'model': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3"
, artifact_type: name: "Model"
base_type: MODEL
)], 'model_run': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model_run/3"
, artifact_type: name: "ModelRun"
)]}) for execution 3
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Component Trainer is finished.
INFO:absl:Component Evaluator is running.
INFO:absl:Running launcher for node_info {
  type {
    name: "tfx.components.evaluator.component.Evaluator"
    base_type: EVALUATE
  }
  id: "Evaluator"
}
contexts {
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    type {
      name: "pipeline"
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    name {
      field_value {
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  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline_run"
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    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
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  }
  contexts {
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      name: "node"
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    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma.Evaluator"
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        context_queries {
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            name: "node"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma.latest_blessed_model_resolver"
            }
          }
        }
        artifact_query {
          type {
            name: "Model"
            base_type: MODEL
          }
        }
        output_key: "model"
      }
    }
  }
  inputs {
    key: "examples"
    value {
      channels {
        producer_node_query {
          id: "CsvExampleGen"
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline"
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              string_value: "penguin-tfma"
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        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline_run"
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        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "node"
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          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma.CsvExampleGen"
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        }
        artifact_query {
          type {
            name: "Examples"
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          }
        }
        output_key: "examples"
      }
      min_count: 1
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  inputs {
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  outputs {
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    }
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  parameters {
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    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "null"
      }
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  parameters {
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    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "null"
      }
    }
  }
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upstream_nodes: "CsvExampleGen"
upstream_nodes: "Trainer"
upstream_nodes: "latest_blessed_model_resolver"
downstream_nodes: "Pusher"
execution_options {
  caching_options {
  }
}

INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
WARNING:absl:ArtifactQuery.property_predicate is not supported.
WARNING:absl:ArtifactQuery.property_predicate is not supported.
INFO:absl:[Evaluator] Resolved inputs: ({'examples': [Artifact(artifact: id: 1
type_id: 15
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/examples/1"
properties {
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  value {
    string_value: "[\"train\", \"eval\"]"
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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  value {
    int_value: 0
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
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    string_value: "1.15.0"
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state: LIVE
type: "Examples"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
, artifact_type: id: 15
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properties {
  key: "span"
  value: INT
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properties {
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properties {
  key: "version"
  value: INT
}
base_type: DATASET
)], 'model': [Artifact(artifact: id: 2
type_id: 18
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3"
custom_properties {
  key: "is_external"
  value {
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custom_properties {
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state: LIVE
type: "Model"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
, artifact_type: id: 18
name: "Model"
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)], 'baseline_model': []},)
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution 4
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution: ExecutionInfo(execution_id=4, input_dict={'examples': [Artifact(artifact: id: 1
type_id: 15
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/CsvExampleGen/examples/1"
properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
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custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
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state: LIVE
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create_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159549765
, artifact_type: id: 15
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properties {
  key: "span"
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properties {
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custom_properties {
  key: "is_external"
  value {
    int_value: 0
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custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
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state: LIVE
type: "Model"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
, artifact_type: id: 18
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)], 'baseline_model': []}, output_dict=defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'evaluation': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/evaluation/4"
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contexts {
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    name {
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        string_value: "penguin-tfma"
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  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline_run"
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    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
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  contexts {
    type {
      name: "node"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma.Evaluator"
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inputs {
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      channels {
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        context_queries {
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  inputs {
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        context_queries {
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        }
        artifact_query {
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        output_key: "examples"
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        artifact_query {
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        output_key: "model"
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outputs {
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    key: "blessing"
    value {
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  outputs {
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    value {
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        }
      }
    }
  }
}
parameters {
  parameters {
    key: "eval_config"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "{\n  \"metrics_specs\": [\n    {\n      \"per_slice_thresholds\": {\n        \"sparse_categorical_accuracy\": {\n          \"thresholds\": [\n            {\n              \"slicing_specs\": [\n                {}\n              ],\n              \"threshold\": {\n                \"change_threshold\": {\n                  \"absolute\": -1e-10,\n                  \"direction\": \"HIGHER_IS_BETTER\"\n                },\n                \"value_threshold\": {\n                  \"lower_bound\": 0.6\n                }\n              }\n            }\n          ]\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  ],\n  \"model_specs\": [\n    {\n      \"label_key\": \"species\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"slicing_specs\": [\n    {},\n    {\n      \"feature_keys\": [\n        \"species\"\n      ]\n    }\n  ]\n}"
      }
    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "example_splits"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "null"
      }
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  parameters {
    key: "fairness_indicator_thresholds"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "null"
      }
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}
upstream_nodes: "CsvExampleGen"
upstream_nodes: "Trainer"
upstream_nodes: "latest_blessed_model_resolver"
downstream_nodes: "Pusher"
execution_options {
  caching_options {
  }
}
, pipeline_info=id: "penguin-tfma"
, pipeline_run_id='2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391', top_level_pipeline_run_id=None, frontend_url=None)
INFO:absl:udf_utils.get_fn {'eval_config': '{\n  "metrics_specs": [\n    {\n      "per_slice_thresholds": {\n        "sparse_categorical_accuracy": {\n          "thresholds": [\n            {\n              "slicing_specs": [\n                {}\n              ],\n              "threshold": {\n                "change_threshold": {\n                  "absolute": -1e-10,\n                  "direction": "HIGHER_IS_BETTER"\n                },\n                "value_threshold": {\n                  "lower_bound": 0.6\n                }\n              }\n            }\n          ]\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  ],\n  "model_specs": [\n    {\n      "label_key": "species"\n    }\n  ],\n  "slicing_specs": [\n    {},\n    {\n      "feature_keys": [\n        "species"\n      ]\n    }\n  ]\n}', 'example_splits': 'null', 'fairness_indicator_thresholds': 'null'} 'custom_eval_shared_model'
INFO:absl:Request was made to ignore the baseline ModelSpec and any change thresholds. This is likely because a baseline model was not provided: updated_config=
model_specs {
  label_key: "species"
}
slicing_specs {
}
slicing_specs {
  feature_keys: "species"
}
metrics_specs {
  per_slice_thresholds {
    key: "sparse_categorical_accuracy"
    value {
      thresholds {
        slicing_specs {
        }
        threshold {
          value_threshold {
            lower_bound {
              value: 0.6
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

INFO:absl:Using pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3/Format-Serving as  model.
INFO:absl:The 'example_splits' parameter is not set, using 'eval' split.
INFO:absl:Evaluating model.
INFO:absl:udf_utils.get_fn {'eval_config': '{\n  "metrics_specs": [\n    {\n      "per_slice_thresholds": {\n        "sparse_categorical_accuracy": {\n          "thresholds": [\n            {\n              "slicing_specs": [\n                {}\n              ],\n              "threshold": {\n                "change_threshold": {\n                  "absolute": -1e-10,\n                  "direction": "HIGHER_IS_BETTER"\n                },\n                "value_threshold": {\n                  "lower_bound": 0.6\n                }\n              }\n            }\n          ]\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  ],\n  "model_specs": [\n    {\n      "label_key": "species"\n    }\n  ],\n  "slicing_specs": [\n    {},\n    {\n      "feature_keys": [\n        "species"\n      ]\n    }\n  ]\n}', 'example_splits': 'null', 'fairness_indicator_thresholds': 'null'} 'custom_extractors'
INFO:absl:Request was made to ignore the baseline ModelSpec and any change thresholds. This is likely because a baseline model was not provided: updated_config=
model_specs {
  label_key: "species"
}
slicing_specs {
}
slicing_specs {
  feature_keys: "species"
}
metrics_specs {
  model_names: ""
  per_slice_thresholds {
    key: "sparse_categorical_accuracy"
    value {
      thresholds {
        slicing_specs {
        }
        threshold {
          value_threshold {
            lower_bound {
              value: 0.6
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

INFO:absl:Request was made to ignore the baseline ModelSpec and any change thresholds. This is likely because a baseline model was not provided: updated_config=
model_specs {
  label_key: "species"
}
slicing_specs {
}
slicing_specs {
  feature_keys: "species"
}
metrics_specs {
  model_names: ""
  per_slice_thresholds {
    key: "sparse_categorical_accuracy"
    value {
      thresholds {
        slicing_specs {
        }
        threshold {
          value_threshold {
            lower_bound {
              value: 0.6
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

INFO:absl:eval_shared_models have model_types: {'tf_keras'}
INFO:absl:Request was made to ignore the baseline ModelSpec and any change thresholds. This is likely because a baseline model was not provided: updated_config=
model_specs {
  label_key: "species"
}
slicing_specs {
}
slicing_specs {
  feature_keys: "species"
}
metrics_specs {
  model_names: ""
  per_slice_thresholds {
    key: "sparse_categorical_accuracy"
    value {
      thresholds {
        slicing_specs {
        }
        threshold {
          value_threshold {
            lower_bound {
              value: 0.6
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

INFO:absl:Evaluation complete. Results written to pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/evaluation/4.
INFO:absl:Checking validation results.
WARNING:tensorflow:From /tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/tensorflow_model_analysis/writers/metrics_plots_and_validations_writer.py:112: tf_record_iterator (from tensorflow.python.lib.io.tf_record) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Use eager execution and: 
`tf.data.TFRecordDataset(path)`
WARNING:tensorflow:From /tmpfs/src/tf_docs_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/tensorflow_model_analysis/writers/metrics_plots_and_validations_writer.py:112: tf_record_iterator (from tensorflow.python.lib.io.tf_record) is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
Instructions for updating:
Use eager execution and: 
`tf.data.TFRecordDataset(path)`
INFO:absl:Blessing result True written to pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/blessing/4.
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateless execution info.
INFO:absl:Execution 4 succeeded.
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateful execution info.
INFO:absl:Deleted stateful_working_dir pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/.system/stateful_working_dir/156cd629-f1d0-4e6d-8519-c9ad5128ceba
INFO:absl:Publishing output artifacts defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'evaluation': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/evaluation/4"
, artifact_type: name: "ModelEvaluation"
)], 'blessing': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/blessing/4"
, artifact_type: name: "ModelBlessing"
)]}) for execution 4
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Component Evaluator is finished.
INFO:absl:Component Pusher is running.
INFO:absl:Running launcher for node_info {
  type {
    name: "tfx.components.pusher.component.Pusher"
    base_type: DEPLOY
  }
  id: "Pusher"
}
contexts {
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline_run"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "node"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma.Pusher"
      }
    }
  }
}
inputs {
  inputs {
    key: "model"
    value {
      channels {
        producer_node_query {
          id: "Trainer"
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline_run"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "node"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma.Trainer"
            }
          }
        }
        artifact_query {
          type {
            name: "Model"
            base_type: MODEL
          }
        }
        output_key: "model"
      }
    }
  }
  inputs {
    key: "model_blessing"
    value {
      channels {
        producer_node_query {
          id: "Evaluator"
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline_run"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "node"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma.Evaluator"
            }
          }
        }
        artifact_query {
          type {
            name: "ModelBlessing"
          }
        }
        output_key: "blessing"
      }
    }
  }
}
outputs {
  outputs {
    key: "pushed_model"
    value {
      artifact_spec {
        type {
          name: "PushedModel"
          base_type: MODEL
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
parameters {
  parameters {
    key: "custom_config"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "null"
      }
    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "push_destination"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "{\n  \"filesystem\": {\n    \"base_directory\": \"serving_model/penguin-tfma\"\n  }\n}"
      }
    }
  }
}
upstream_nodes: "Evaluator"
upstream_nodes: "Trainer"
execution_options {
  caching_options {
  }
}

INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
WARNING:absl:ArtifactQuery.property_predicate is not supported.
WARNING:absl:ArtifactQuery.property_predicate is not supported.
INFO:absl:[Pusher] Resolved inputs: ({'model_blessing': [Artifact(artifact: id: 5
type_id: 22
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/blessing/4"
custom_properties {
  key: "blessed"
  value {
    int_value: 1
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "current_model"
  value {
    string_value: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3"
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "current_model_id"
  value {
    int_value: 2
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "is_external"
  value {
    int_value: 0
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
  value {
    string_value: "1.15.0"
  }
}
state: LIVE
type: "ModelBlessing"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159563475
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159563475
, artifact_type: id: 22
name: "ModelBlessing"
)], 'model': [Artifact(artifact: id: 2
type_id: 18
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3"
custom_properties {
  key: "is_external"
  value {
    int_value: 0
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
  value {
    string_value: "1.15.0"
  }
}
state: LIVE
type: "Model"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
, artifact_type: id: 18
name: "Model"
base_type: MODEL
)]},)
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution 5
INFO:absl:Going to run a new execution: ExecutionInfo(execution_id=5, input_dict={'model_blessing': [Artifact(artifact: id: 5
type_id: 22
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/blessing/4"
custom_properties {
  key: "blessed"
  value {
    int_value: 1
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "current_model"
  value {
    string_value: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3"
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "current_model_id"
  value {
    int_value: 2
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "is_external"
  value {
    int_value: 0
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
  value {
    string_value: "1.15.0"
  }
}
state: LIVE
type: "ModelBlessing"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159563475
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159563475
, artifact_type: id: 22
name: "ModelBlessing"
)], 'model': [Artifact(artifact: id: 2
type_id: 18
uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Trainer/model/3"
custom_properties {
  key: "is_external"
  value {
    int_value: 0
  }
}
custom_properties {
  key: "tfx_version"
  value {
    string_value: "1.15.0"
  }
}
state: LIVE
type: "Model"
create_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
last_update_time_since_epoch: 1715159558908
, artifact_type: id: 18
name: "Model"
base_type: MODEL
)]}, output_dict=defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'pushed_model': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Pusher/pushed_model/5"
, artifact_type: name: "PushedModel"
base_type: MODEL
)]}), exec_properties={'custom_config': 'null', 'push_destination': '{\n  "filesystem": {\n    "base_directory": "serving_model/penguin-tfma"\n  }\n}'}, execution_output_uri='pipelines/penguin-tfma/Pusher/.system/executor_execution/5/executor_output.pb', stateful_working_dir='pipelines/penguin-tfma/Pusher/.system/stateful_working_dir/12b47904-285c-43d9-bb2e-9b1b59dce2f0', tmp_dir='pipelines/penguin-tfma/Pusher/.system/executor_execution/5/.temp/', pipeline_node=node_info {
  type {
    name: "tfx.components.pusher.component.Pusher"
    base_type: DEPLOY
  }
  id: "Pusher"
}
contexts {
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "pipeline_run"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
      }
    }
  }
  contexts {
    type {
      name: "node"
    }
    name {
      field_value {
        string_value: "penguin-tfma.Pusher"
      }
    }
  }
}
inputs {
  inputs {
    key: "model"
    value {
      channels {
        producer_node_query {
          id: "Trainer"
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline_run"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "node"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma.Trainer"
            }
          }
        }
        artifact_query {
          type {
            name: "Model"
            base_type: MODEL
          }
        }
        output_key: "model"
      }
    }
  }
  inputs {
    key: "model_blessing"
    value {
      channels {
        producer_node_query {
          id: "Evaluator"
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "pipeline_run"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391"
            }
          }
        }
        context_queries {
          type {
            name: "node"
          }
          name {
            field_value {
              string_value: "penguin-tfma.Evaluator"
            }
          }
        }
        artifact_query {
          type {
            name: "ModelBlessing"
          }
        }
        output_key: "blessing"
      }
    }
  }
}
outputs {
  outputs {
    key: "pushed_model"
    value {
      artifact_spec {
        type {
          name: "PushedModel"
          base_type: MODEL
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
parameters {
  parameters {
    key: "custom_config"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "null"
      }
    }
  }
  parameters {
    key: "push_destination"
    value {
      field_value {
        string_value: "{\n  \"filesystem\": {\n    \"base_directory\": \"serving_model/penguin-tfma\"\n  }\n}"
      }
    }
  }
}
upstream_nodes: "Evaluator"
upstream_nodes: "Trainer"
execution_options {
  caching_options {
  }
}
, pipeline_info=id: "penguin-tfma"
, pipeline_run_id='2024-05-08T09:12:28.606391', top_level_pipeline_run_id=None, frontend_url=None)
INFO:absl:Model version: 1715159563
INFO:absl:Model written to serving path serving_model/penguin-tfma/1715159563.
INFO:absl:Model pushed to pipelines/penguin-tfma/Pusher/pushed_model/5.
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateless execution info.
INFO:absl:Execution 5 succeeded.
INFO:absl:Cleaning up stateful execution info.
INFO:absl:Deleted stateful_working_dir pipelines/penguin-tfma/Pusher/.system/stateful_working_dir/12b47904-285c-43d9-bb2e-9b1b59dce2f0
INFO:absl:Publishing output artifacts defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'pushed_model': [Artifact(artifact: uri: "pipelines/penguin-tfma/Pusher/pushed_model/5"
, artifact_type: name: "PushedModel"
base_type: MODEL
)]}) for execution 5
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized
INFO:absl:Component Pusher is finished.

When the pipeline completed, you should be able to see something like following:

INFO:absl:Blessing result True written to pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/blessing/4.

Or you can also check manually the output directory where the generated artifacts are stored. If you visit pipelines/penguin-tfma/Evaluator/blessing/ with a file broswer, you can see a file with a name BLESSED or NOT_BLESSED according to the evaluation result.

If the blessing result is False, Pusher will refuse to push the model to the serving_model_dir, because the model is not good enough to be used in production.

You can run the pipeline again possibly with different evaluation configs. Even if you run the pipeline with the exact same config and dataset, the trained model might be slightly different due to the inherent randomness of the model training which can lead to a NOT_BLESSED model.

Examine outputs of the pipeline

You can use TFMA to investigate and visualize the evaluation result in ModelEvaluation artifact.

Get analysis result from output artifacts

You can use MLMD APIs to locate these outputs programatically. First, we will define some utility functions to search for the output artifacts that were just produced.

from ml_metadata.proto import metadata_store_pb2
# Non-public APIs, just for showcase.
from tfx.orchestration.portable.mlmd import execution_lib

# TODO(b/171447278): Move these functions into the TFX library.

def get_latest_artifacts(metadata, pipeline_name, component_id):
  """Output artifacts of the latest run of the component."""
  context = metadata.store.get_context_by_type_and_name(
      'node', f'{pipeline_name}.{component_id}')
  executions = metadata.store.get_executions_by_context(context.id)
  latest_execution = max(executions,
                         key=lambda e:e.last_update_time_since_epoch)
  return execution_lib.get_output_artifacts(metadata, latest_execution.id)

We can find the latest execution of the Evaluator component and get output artifacts of it.

# Non-public APIs, just for showcase.
from tfx.orchestration.metadata import Metadata
from tfx.types import standard_component_specs

metadata_connection_config = tfx.orchestration.metadata.sqlite_metadata_connection_config(
    METADATA_PATH)

with Metadata(metadata_connection_config) as metadata_handler:
  # Find output artifacts from MLMD.
  evaluator_output = get_latest_artifacts(metadata_handler, PIPELINE_NAME,
                                          'Evaluator')
  eval_artifact = evaluator_output[standard_component_specs.EVALUATION_KEY][0]
INFO:absl:MetadataStore with DB connection initialized

Evaluator always returns one evaluation artifact, and we can visualize it using TensorFlow Model Analysis library. For example, following code will render the accuracy metrics for each penguin species.

import tensorflow_model_analysis as tfma

eval_result = tfma.load_eval_result(eval_artifact.uri)
tfma.view.render_slicing_metrics(eval_result, slicing_column='species')
SlicingMetricsViewer(config={'weightedExamplesColumn': 'example_count'}, data=[{'slice': 'species:0', 'metrics…

If you choose 'sparse_categorical_accuracy' in Show drop-down list, you can see the accuracy values per species. You might want to add more slices and check whether your model is good for all distribution and if there is any possible bias.

Next steps

Learn more on model analysis at TensorFlow Model Analysis library tutorial.

You can find more resources on https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx/tutorials

Please see Understanding TFX Pipelines to learn more about various concepts in TFX.