tf.compat.v1.Variable

See the Variables Guide.

Inherits From: Variable

tf.compat.v1.Variable(
    initial_value=None, trainable=None, collections=None, validate_shape=True,
    caching_device=None, name=None, variable_def=None, dtype=None,
    expected_shape=None, import_scope=None, constraint=None, use_resource=None,
    synchronization=tf.VariableSynchronization.AUTO,
    aggregation=tf.compat.v1.VariableAggregation.NONE, shape=None
)

A variable maintains state in the graph across calls to run(). You add a variable to the graph by constructing an instance of the class Variable.

The Variable() constructor requires an initial value for the variable, which can be a Tensor of any type and shape. The initial value defines the type and shape of the variable. After construction, the type and shape of the variable are fixed. The value can be changed using one of the assign methods.

If you want to change the shape of a variable later you have to use an assign Op with validate_shape=False.

Just like any Tensor, variables created with Variable() can be used as inputs for other Ops in the graph. Additionally, all the operators overloaded for the Tensor class are carried over to variables, so you can also add nodes to the graph by just doing arithmetic on variables.

import tensorflow as tf

# Create a variable.
w = tf.Variable(<initial-value>, name=<optional-name>)

# Use the variable in the graph like any Tensor.
y = tf.matmul(w, ...another variable or tensor...)

# The overloaded operators are available too.
z = tf.sigmoid(w + y)

# Assign a new value to the variable with `assign()` or a related method.
w.assign(w + 1.0)
w.assign_add(1.0)

When you launch the graph, variables have to be explicitly initialized before you can run Ops that use their value. You can initialize a variable by running its initializer op, restoring the variable from a save file, or simply running an assign Op that assigns a value to the variable. In fact, the variable initializer op is just an assign Op that assigns the variable's initial value to the variable itself.

# Launch the graph in a session.
with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
    # Run the variable initializer.
    sess.run(w.initializer)
    # ...you now can run ops that use the value of 'w'...

The most common initialization pattern is to use the convenience function global_variables_initializer() to add an Op to the graph that initializes all the variables. You then run that Op after launching the graph.

# Add an Op to initialize global variables.
init_op = tf.compat.v1.global_variables_initializer()

# Launch the graph in a session.
with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
    # Run the Op that initializes global variables.
    sess.run(init_op)
    # ...you can now run any Op that uses variable values...

If you need to create a variable with an initial value dependent on another variable, use the other variable's initialized_value(). This ensures that variables are initialized in the right order.

All variables are automatically collected in the graph where they are created. By default, the constructor adds the new variable to the graph collection GraphKeys.GLOBAL_VARIABLES. The convenience function global_variables() returns the contents of that collection.

When building a machine learning model it is often convenient to distinguish between variables holding the trainable model parameters and other variables such as a global step variable used to count training steps. To make this easier, the variable constructor supports a trainable=<bool> parameter. If True, the new variable is also added to the graph collection GraphKeys.TRAINABLE_VARIABLES. The convenience function trainable_variables() returns the contents of this collection. The various Optimizer classes use this collection as the default list of variables to optimize.

Warning: tf.Variable objects by default have a non-intuitive memory model. A Variable is represented internally as a mutable Tensor which can non-deterministically alias other Tensors in a graph. The set of operations which consume a Variable and can lead to aliasing is undetermined and can change across TensorFlow versions. Avoid writing code which relies on the value of a Variable either changing or not changing as other operations happen. For example, using Variable objects or simple functions thereof as predicates in a tf.cond is dangerous and error-prone:

v = tf.Variable(True)
tf.cond(v, lambda: v.assign(False), my_false_fn)  # Note: this is broken.

Here, adding use_resource=True when constructing the variable will fix any nondeterminism issues:

v = tf.Variable(True, use_resource=True)
tf.cond(v, lambda: v.assign(False), my_false_fn)

To use the replacement for variables which does not have these issues:

• Add use_resource=True when constructing tf.Variable;
• Call tf.compat.v1.get_variable_scope().set_use_resource(True) inside a tf.compat.v1.variable_scope before the tf.compat.v1.get_variable() call.

Args
initial_value	A Tensor, or Python object convertible to a Tensor, which is the initial value for the Variable. The initial value must have a shape specified unless validate_shape is set to False. Can also be a callable with no argument that returns the initial value when called. In that case, dtype must be specified. (Note that initializer functions from init_ops.py must first be bound to a shape before being used here.)
trainable	If True, also adds the variable to the graph collection GraphKeys.TRAINABLE_VARIABLES. This collection is used as the default list of variables to use by the Optimizer classes. Defaults to True, unless synchronization is set to ON_READ, in which case it defaults to False.
collections	List of graph collections keys. The new variable is added to these collections. Defaults to [GraphKeys.GLOBAL_VARIABLES].
validate_shape	If False, allows the variable to be initialized with a value of unknown shape. If True, the default, the shape of initial_value must be known.
caching_device	Optional device string describing where the Variable should be cached for reading. Defaults to the Variable's device. If not None, caches on another device. Typical use is to cache on the device where the Ops using the Variable reside, to deduplicate copying through Switch and other conditional statements.
name	Optional name for the variable. Defaults to 'Variable' and gets uniquified automatically.
variable_def	VariableDef protocol buffer. If not None, recreates the Variable object with its contents, referencing the variable's nodes in the graph, which must already exist. The graph is not changed. variable_def and the other arguments are mutually exclusive.
dtype	If set, initial_value will be converted to the given type. If None, either the datatype will be kept (if initial_value is a Tensor), or convert_to_tensor will decide.
expected_shape	A TensorShape. If set, initial_value is expected to have this shape.
import_scope	Optional string. Name scope to add to the Variable. Only used when initializing from protocol buffer.
constraint	An optional projection function to be applied to the variable after being updated by an Optimizer (e.g. used to implement norm constraints or value constraints for layer weights). The function must take as input the unprojected Tensor representing the value of the variable and return the Tensor for the projected value (which must have the same shape). Constraints are not safe to use when doing asynchronous distributed training.
use_resource	whether to use resource variables.
synchronization	Indicates when a distributed a variable will be aggregated. Accepted values are constants defined in the class tf.VariableSynchronization. By default the synchronization is set to AUTO and the current DistributionStrategy chooses when to synchronize.
aggregation	Indicates how a distributed variable will be aggregated. Accepted values are constants defined in the class tf.VariableAggregation.
shape	(optional) The shape of this variable. If None, the shape of initial_value will be used. When setting this argument to tf.TensorShape(None) (representing an unspecified shape), the variable can be assigned with values of different shapes.

Raises
ValueError	If both variable_def and initial_value are specified.
ValueError	If the initial value is not specified, or does not have a shape and validate_shape is True.
RuntimeError	If eager execution is enabled.

Attributes
aggregation
constraint	Returns the constraint function associated with this variable.
device	The device of this variable.
dtype	The DType of this variable.
graph	The Graph of this variable.
initial_value	Returns the Tensor used as the initial value for the variable. Note that this is different from initialized_value() which runs the op that initializes the variable before returning its value. This method returns the tensor that is used by the op that initializes the variable.
initializer	The initializer operation for this variable.
name	The name of this variable.
op	The Operation of this variable.
shape	The TensorShape of this variable.
synchronization
trainable

Child Classes

class SaveSliceInfo

Methods

assign

View source

assign(
    value, use_locking=False, name=None, read_value=True
)

Assigns a new value to the variable.

This is essentially a shortcut for assign(self, value).

Args
value	A Tensor. The new value for this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the assignment.
name	The name of the operation to be created
read_value	if True, will return something which evaluates to the new value of the variable; if False will return the assign op.

Returns
The updated variable. If read_value is false, instead returns None in Eager mode and the assign op in graph mode.

assign_add

View source

assign_add(
    delta, use_locking=False, name=None, read_value=True
)

Adds a value to this variable.

This is essentially a shortcut for assign_add(self, delta).

Args
delta	A Tensor. The value to add to this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	The name of the operation to be created
read_value	if True, will return something which evaluates to the new value of the variable; if False will return the assign op.

Returns
The updated variable. If read_value is false, instead returns None in Eager mode and the assign op in graph mode.

assign_sub

View source

assign_sub(
    delta, use_locking=False, name=None, read_value=True
)

Subtracts a value from this variable.

This is essentially a shortcut for assign_sub(self, delta).

Args
delta	A Tensor. The value to subtract from this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	The name of the operation to be created
read_value	if True, will return something which evaluates to the new value of the variable; if False will return the assign op.

Returns
The updated variable. If read_value is false, instead returns None in Eager mode and the assign op in graph mode.

batch_scatter_update

View source

batch_scatter_update(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Assigns tf.IndexedSlices to this variable batch-wise.

Analogous to batch_gather. This assumes that this variable and the sparse_delta IndexedSlices have a series of leading dimensions that are the same for all of them, and the updates are performed on the last dimension of indices. In other words, the dimensions should be the following:

num_prefix_dims = sparse_delta.indices.ndims - 1 batch_dim = num_prefix_dims + 1 sparse_delta.updates.shape = sparse_delta.indices.shape + var.shape[ batch_dim:]

where

sparse_delta.updates.shape[:num_prefix_dims] == sparse_delta.indices.shape[:num_prefix_dims] == var.shape[:num_prefix_dims]

And the operation performed can be expressed as:

var[i_1, ..., i_n, sparse_delta.indices[i_1, ..., i_n, j]] = sparse_delta.updates[ i_1, ..., i_n, j]

When sparse_delta.indices is a 1D tensor, this operation is equivalent to scatter_update.

To avoid this operation one can looping over the first ndims of the variable and using scatter_update on the subtensors that result of slicing the first dimension. This is a valid option for ndims = 1, but less efficient than this implementation.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to be assigned to this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

count_up_to

View source

count_up_to(
    limit
)

Increments this variable until it reaches limit. (deprecated)

Warning: THIS FUNCTION IS DEPRECATED. It will be removed in a future version. Instructions for updating: Prefer Dataset.range instead.

When that Op is run it tries to increment the variable by 1. If incrementing the variable would bring it above limit then the Op raises the exception OutOfRangeError.

If no error is raised, the Op outputs the value of the variable before the increment.

This is essentially a shortcut for count_up_to(self, limit).

Args
limit	value at which incrementing the variable raises an error.

Returns
A Tensor that will hold the variable value before the increment. If no other Op modifies this variable, the values produced will all be distinct.

eval

View source

eval(
    session=None
)

In a session, computes and returns the value of this variable.

This is not a graph construction method, it does not add ops to the graph.

This convenience method requires a session where the graph containing this variable has been launched. If no session is passed, the default session is used. See tf.compat.v1.Session for more information on launching a graph and on sessions.

v = tf.Variable([1, 2])
init = tf.compat.v1.global_variables_initializer()

with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(init)
    # Usage passing the session explicitly.
    print(v.eval(sess))
    # Usage with the default session.  The 'with' block
    # above makes 'sess' the default session.
    print(v.eval())

Args
session	The session to use to evaluate this variable. If none, the default session is used.

Returns
A numpy ndarray with a copy of the value of this variable.

experimental_ref

View source

experimental_ref()

DEPRECATED FUNCTION

Warning: THIS FUNCTION IS DEPRECATED. It will be removed in a future version. Instructions for updating: Use ref() instead.

from_proto

View source

@staticmethod
from_proto(
    variable_def, import_scope=None
)

Returns a Variable object created from variable_def.

gather_nd

View source

gather_nd(
    indices, name=None
)

Gather slices from params into a Tensor with shape specified by indices.

See tf.gather_nd for details.

Args
indices	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: int32, int64. Index tensor.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor. Has the same type as params.

get_shape

View source

get_shape()

Alias of Variable.shape.

initialized_value

View source

initialized_value()

Returns the value of the initialized variable. (deprecated)

Warning: THIS FUNCTION IS DEPRECATED. It will be removed in a future version. Instructions for updating: Use Variable.read_value. Variables in 2.X are initialized automatically both in eager and graph (inside tf.defun) contexts.

You should use this instead of the variable itself to initialize another variable with a value that depends on the value of this variable.

# Initialize 'v' with a random tensor.
v = tf.Variable(tf.random.truncated_normal([10, 40]))
# Use `initialized_value` to guarantee that `v` has been
# initialized before its value is used to initialize `w`.
# The random values are picked only once.
w = tf.Variable(v.initialized_value() * 2.0)

Returns
A Tensor holding the value of this variable after its initializer has run.

load

View source

load(
    value, session=None
)

Load new value into this variable. (deprecated)

Warning: THIS FUNCTION IS DEPRECATED. It will be removed in a future version. Instructions for updating: Prefer Variable.assign which has equivalent behavior in 2.X.

Writes new value to variable's memory. Doesn't add ops to the graph.

This convenience method requires a session where the graph containing this variable has been launched. If no session is passed, the default session is used. See tf.compat.v1.Session for more information on launching a graph and on sessions.

v = tf.Variable([1, 2])
init = tf.compat.v1.global_variables_initializer()

with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(init)
    # Usage passing the session explicitly.
    v.load([2, 3], sess)
    print(v.eval(sess)) # prints [2 3]
    # Usage with the default session.  The 'with' block
    # above makes 'sess' the default session.
    v.load([3, 4], sess)
    print(v.eval()) # prints [3 4]

Args
value	New variable value
session	The session to use to evaluate this variable. If none, the default session is used.

Raises
ValueError	Session is not passed and no default session

read_value

View source

read_value()

Returns the value of this variable, read in the current context.

Can be different from value() if it's on another device, with control dependencies, etc.

Returns
A Tensor containing the value of the variable.

ref

View source

ref()

Returns a hashable reference object to this Variable.

The primary use case for this API is to put variables in a set/dictionary. We can't put variables in a set/dictionary as variable.__hash__() is no longer available starting Tensorflow 2.0.

The following will raise an exception starting 2.0

x = tf.Variable(5)
y = tf.Variable(10)
z = tf.Variable(10)
variable_set = {x, y, z}
Traceback (most recent call last):

TypeError: Variable is unhashable. Instead, use tensor.ref() as the key.
variable_dict = {x: 'five', y: 'ten'}
Traceback (most recent call last):

TypeError: Variable is unhashable. Instead, use tensor.ref() as the key.

Instead, we can use variable.ref().

variable_set = {x.ref(), y.ref(), z.ref()}
x.ref() in variable_set
True
variable_dict = {x.ref(): 'five', y.ref(): 'ten', z.ref(): 'ten'}
variable_dict[y.ref()]
'ten'

Also, the reference object provides .deref() function that returns the original Variable.

x = tf.Variable(5)
x.ref().deref()
<tf.Variable 'Variable:0' shape=() dtype=int32, numpy=5>

scatter_add

View source

scatter_add(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Adds tf.IndexedSlices to this variable.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to be added to this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

scatter_div

View source

scatter_div(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Divide this variable by tf.IndexedSlices.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to divide this variable by.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

scatter_max

View source

scatter_max(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Updates this variable with the max of tf.IndexedSlices and itself.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to use as an argument of max with this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

scatter_min

View source

scatter_min(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Updates this variable with the min of tf.IndexedSlices and itself.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to use as an argument of min with this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

scatter_mul

View source

scatter_mul(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Multiply this variable by tf.IndexedSlices.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to multiply this variable by.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

scatter_nd_add

View source

scatter_nd_add(
    indices, updates, name=None
)

Applies sparse addition to individual values or slices in a Variable.

The Variable has rank P and indices is a Tensor of rank Q.

indices must be integer tensor, containing indices into self. It must be shape [d_0, ..., d_{Q-2}, K] where 0 < K <= P.

The innermost dimension of indices (with length K) corresponds to indices into elements (if K = P) or slices (if K < P) along the Kth dimension of self.

updates is Tensor of rank Q-1+P-K with shape:

[d_0, ..., d_{Q-2}, self.shape[K], ..., self.shape[P-1]].

For example, say we want to add 4 scattered elements to a rank-1 tensor to 8 elements. In Python, that update would look like this:

    v = tf.Variable([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
    indices = tf.constant([[4], [3], [1] ,[7]])
    updates = tf.constant([9, 10, 11, 12])
    add = v.scatter_nd_add(indices, updates)
    with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
      print sess.run(add)

The resulting update to v would look like this:

[1, 13, 3, 14, 14, 6, 7, 20]

See tf.scatter_nd for more details about how to make updates to slices.

Args
indices	The indices to be used in the operation.
updates	The values to be used in the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

scatter_nd_sub

View source

scatter_nd_sub(
    indices, updates, name=None
)

Applies sparse subtraction to individual values or slices in a Variable.

Assuming the variable has rank P and indices is a Tensor of rank Q.

indices must be integer tensor, containing indices into self. It must be shape [d_0, ..., d_{Q-2}, K] where 0 < K <= P.

The innermost dimension of indices (with length K) corresponds to indices into elements (if K = P) or slices (if K < P) along the Kth dimension of self.

updates is Tensor of rank Q-1+P-K with shape:

[d_0, ..., d_{Q-2}, self.shape[K], ..., self.shape[P-1]].

For example, say we want to add 4 scattered elements to a rank-1 tensor to 8 elements. In Python, that update would look like this:

    v = tf.Variable([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
    indices = tf.constant([[4], [3], [1] ,[7]])
    updates = tf.constant([9, 10, 11, 12])
    op = v.scatter_nd_sub(indices, updates)
    with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
      print sess.run(op)

The resulting update to v would look like this:

[1, -9, 3, -6, -6, 6, 7, -4]

See tf.scatter_nd for more details about how to make updates to slices.

Args
indices	The indices to be used in the operation.
updates	The values to be used in the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

scatter_nd_update

View source

scatter_nd_update(
    indices, updates, name=None
)

Applies sparse assignment to individual values or slices in a Variable.

The Variable has rank P and indices is a Tensor of rank Q.

indices must be integer tensor, containing indices into self. It must be shape [d_0, ..., d_{Q-2}, K] where 0 < K <= P.

The innermost dimension of indices (with length K) corresponds to indices into elements (if K = P) or slices (if K < P) along the Kth dimension of self.

updates is Tensor of rank Q-1+P-K with shape:

[d_0, ..., d_{Q-2}, self.shape[K], ..., self.shape[P-1]].

For example, say we want to add 4 scattered elements to a rank-1 tensor to 8 elements. In Python, that update would look like this:

    v = tf.Variable([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
    indices = tf.constant([[4], [3], [1] ,[7]])
    updates = tf.constant([9, 10, 11, 12])
    op = v.scatter_nd_assign(indices, updates)
    with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
      print sess.run(op)

The resulting update to v would look like this:

[1, 11, 3, 10, 9, 6, 7, 12]

See tf.scatter_nd for more details about how to make updates to slices.

Args
indices	The indices to be used in the operation.
updates	The values to be used in the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

scatter_sub

View source

scatter_sub(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Subtracts tf.IndexedSlices from this variable.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to be subtracted from this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

scatter_update

View source

scatter_update(
    sparse_delta, use_locking=False, name=None
)

Assigns tf.IndexedSlices to this variable.

Args
sparse_delta	tf.IndexedSlices to be assigned to this variable.
use_locking	If True, use locking during the operation.
name	the name of the operation.

Returns
The updated variable.

Raises
TypeError	if sparse_delta is not an IndexedSlices.

set_shape

View source

set_shape(
    shape
)

Overrides the shape for this variable.

Args
shape	the TensorShape representing the overridden shape.

sparse_read

View source

sparse_read(
    indices, name=None
)

Gather slices from params axis axis according to indices.

This function supports a subset of tf.gather, see tf.gather for details on usage.

Args
indices	The index Tensor. Must be one of the following types: int32, int64. Must be in range [0, params.shape[axis]).
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor. Has the same type as params.

to_proto

View source

to_proto(
    export_scope=None
)

Converts a Variable to a VariableDef protocol buffer.

Args
export_scope	Optional string. Name scope to remove.

Returns
A VariableDef protocol buffer, or None if the Variable is not in the specified name scope.

value

View source

value()

Returns the last snapshot of this variable.

You usually do not need to call this method as all ops that need the value of the variable call it automatically through a convert_to_tensor() call.

Returns a Tensor which holds the value of the variable. You can not assign a new value to this tensor as it is not a reference to the variable.

To avoid copies, if the consumer of the returned value is on the same device as the variable, this actually returns the live value of the variable, not a copy. Updates to the variable are seen by the consumer. If the consumer is on a different device it will get a copy of the variable.

Returns
A Tensor containing the value of the variable.

__abs__

View source

__abs__(
    x, name=None
)

Computes the absolute value of a tensor.

Given a tensor of integer or floating-point values, this operation returns a tensor of the same type, where each element contains the absolute value of the corresponding element in the input.

Given a tensor x of complex numbers, this operation returns a tensor of type float32 or float64 that is the absolute value of each element in x. For a complex number \(a + bj\), its absolute value is computed as \(\sqrt{a^2

• b^2}\). For example:

x = tf.constant([[-2.25 + 4.75j], [-3.25 + 5.75j]])
tf.abs(x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 1), dtype=float64, numpy=
array([[5.25594901],
       [6.60492241]])>

Args
x	A Tensor or SparseTensor of type float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64 or complex128.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor or SparseTensor of the same size, type and sparsity as x, with absolute values. Note, for complex64 or complex128 input, the returned Tensor will be of type float32 or float64, respectively.

__add__

View source

__add__(
    x, y
)

Dispatches to add for strings and add_v2 for all other types.

__and__

View source

__and__(
    x, y
)

Returns the truth value of x AND y element-wise.

Note: LogicalAnd supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor of type bool.
y	A Tensor of type bool.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__div__

View source

__div__(
    x, y
)

Divide two values using Python 2 semantics.

Used for Tensor.div.

Args
x	Tensor numerator of real numeric type.
y	Tensor denominator of real numeric type.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
x / y returns the quotient of x and y.

__eq__

View source

__eq__(
    other
)

Compares two variables element-wise for equality.

__floordiv__

View source

__floordiv__(
    x, y
)

Divides x / y elementwise, rounding toward the most negative integer.

The same as tf.compat.v1.div(x,y) for integers, but uses tf.floor(tf.compat.v1.div(x,y)) for floating point arguments so that the result is always an integer (though possibly an integer represented as floating point). This op is generated by x // y floor division in Python 3 and in Python 2.7 with from __future__ import division.

x and y must have the same type, and the result will have the same type as well.

Args
x	Tensor numerator of real numeric type.
y	Tensor denominator of real numeric type.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
x / y rounded down.

Raises
TypeError	If the inputs are complex.

__ge__

__ge__(
    x, y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x >= y) element-wise.

Note: math.greater_equal supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6, 7])
y = tf.constant([5, 2, 5, 10])
tf.math.greater_equal(x, y) ==> [True, True, True, False]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6, 7])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.greater_equal(x, y) ==> [True, False, True, True]

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64, int32, uint8, int16, int8, int64, bfloat16, uint16, half, uint32, uint64.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__getitem__

View source

__getitem__(
    var, slice_spec
)

Creates a slice helper object given a variable.

This allows creating a sub-tensor from part of the current contents of a variable. See tf.Tensor.getitem for detailed examples of slicing.

This function in addition also allows assignment to a sliced range. This is similar to __setitem__ functionality in Python. However, the syntax is different so that the user can capture the assignment operation for grouping or passing to sess.run(). For example,

import tensorflow as tf
A = tf.Variable([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]], dtype=tf.float32)
with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess:
  sess.run(tf.compat.v1.global_variables_initializer())
  print(sess.run(A[:2, :2]))  # => [[1,2], [4,5]]

  op = A[:2,:2].assign(22. * tf.ones((2, 2)))
  print(sess.run(op))  # => [[22, 22, 3], [22, 22, 6], [7,8,9]]

Note that assignments currently do not support NumPy broadcasting semantics.

Args
var	An ops.Variable object.
slice_spec	The arguments to Tensor.getitem.

Returns
The appropriate slice of "tensor", based on "slice_spec". As an operator. The operator also has a assign() method that can be used to generate an assignment operator.

Raises
ValueError	If a slice range is negative size.
TypeError	TypeError: If the slice indices aren't int, slice, ellipsis, tf.newaxis or int32/int64 tensors.

__gt__

__gt__(
    x, y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x > y) element-wise.

Note: math.greater supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5, 2, 5])
tf.math.greater(x, y) ==> [False, True, True]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.greater(x, y) ==> [False, False, True]

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64, int32, uint8, int16, int8, int64, bfloat16, uint16, half, uint32, uint64.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__invert__

__invert__(
    x, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of NOT x element-wise.

Example:

tf.math.logical_not(tf.constant([True, False]))
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2,), dtype=bool, numpy=array([False,  True])>

Args
x	A Tensor of type bool. A Tensor of type bool.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__iter__

View source

__iter__()

Dummy method to prevent iteration.

Do not call.

NOTE(mrry): If we register getitem as an overloaded operator, Python will valiantly attempt to iterate over the variable's Tensor from 0 to infinity. Declaring this method prevents this unintended behavior.

Raises
TypeError	when invoked.

__le__

__le__(
    x, y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x <= y) element-wise.

Note: math.less_equal supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.less_equal(x, y) ==> [True, True, False]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5, 6, 6])
tf.math.less_equal(x, y) ==> [True, True, True]

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64, int32, uint8, int16, int8, int64, bfloat16, uint16, half, uint32, uint64.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__lt__

__lt__(
    x, y, name=None
)

Returns the truth value of (x < y) element-wise.

Note: math.less supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Example:

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5])
tf.math.less(x, y) ==> [False, True, False]

x = tf.constant([5, 4, 6])
y = tf.constant([5, 6, 7])
tf.math.less(x, y) ==> [False, True, True]

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: float32, float64, int32, uint8, int16, int8, int64, bfloat16, uint16, half, uint32, uint64.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__matmul__

View source

__matmul__(
    x, y
)

Multiplies matrix a by matrix b, producing a * b.

The inputs must, following any transpositions, be tensors of rank >= 2 where the inner 2 dimensions specify valid matrix multiplication dimensions, and any further outer dimensions specify matching batch size.

Both matrices must be of the same type. The supported types are: float16, float32, float64, int32, complex64, complex128.

Either matrix can be transposed or adjointed (conjugated and transposed) on the fly by setting one of the corresponding flag to True. These are False by default.

If one or both of the matrices contain a lot of zeros, a more efficient multiplication algorithm can be used by setting the corresponding a_is_sparse or b_is_sparse flag to True. These are False by default. This optimization is only available for plain matrices (rank-2 tensors) with datatypes bfloat16 or float32.

A simple 2-D tensor matrix multiplication:

a = tf.constant([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], shape=[2, 3])
a  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[1, 2, 3],
       [4, 5, 6]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant([7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], shape=[3, 2])
b  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 7,  8],
       [ 9, 10],
       [11, 12]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 58,  64],
       [139, 154]], dtype=int32)>

A batch matrix multiplication with batch shape [2]:

a = tf.constant(np.arange(1, 13, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 2, 3])
a  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 1,  2,  3],
        [ 4,  5,  6]],
       [[ 7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12]]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant(np.arange(13, 25, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 3, 2])
b  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[13, 14],
        [15, 16],
        [17, 18]],
       [[19, 20],
        [21, 22],
        [23, 24]]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 94, 100],
        [229, 244]],
       [[508, 532],
        [697, 730]]], dtype=int32)>

Since python >= 3.5 the @ operator is supported (see PEP 465). In TensorFlow, it simply calls the tf.matmul() function, so the following lines are equivalent:

d = a @ b @ [[10], [11]]
d = tf.matmul(tf.matmul(a, b), [[10], [11]])

Args
a	tf.Tensor of type float16, float32, float64, int32, complex64, complex128 and rank > 1.
b	tf.Tensor with same type and rank as a.
transpose_a	If True, a is transposed before multiplication.
transpose_b	If True, b is transposed before multiplication.
adjoint_a	If True, a is conjugated and transposed before multiplication.
adjoint_b	If True, b is conjugated and transposed before multiplication.
a_is_sparse	If True, a is treated as a sparse matrix. Notice, this does not support tf.sparse.SparseTensor, it just makes optimizations that assume most values in a are zero. See tf.sparse.sparse_dense_matmul for some support for tf.SparseTensor multiplication.
b_is_sparse	If True, b is treated as a sparse matrix. Notice, this does not support tf.sparse.SparseTensor, it just makes optimizations that assume most values in a are zero. See tf.sparse.sparse_dense_matmul for some support for tf.SparseTensor multiplication.
name	Name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A tf.Tensor of the same type as a and b where each inner-most matrix is the product of the corresponding matrices in a and b, e.g. if all transpose or adjoint attributes are False: output[..., i, j] = sum_k (a[..., i, k] * b[..., k, j]), for all indices i, j.
Note	This is matrix product, not element-wise product.

Raises
ValueError	If transpose_a and adjoint_a, or transpose_b and adjoint_b are both set to True.

__mod__

View source

__mod__(
    x, y
)

Returns element-wise remainder of division. When x < 0 xor y < 0 is

true, this follows Python semantics in that the result here is consistent with a flooring divide. E.g. floor(x / y) * y + mod(x, y) = x.

Note: math.floormod supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: int32, int64, bfloat16, half, float32, float64.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor. Has the same type as x.

__mul__

View source

__mul__(
    x, y
)

Dispatches cwise mul for "DenseDense" and "DenseSparse".

__ne__

View source

__ne__(
    other
)

Compares two variables element-wise for equality.

__neg__

__neg__(
    x, name=None
)

Computes numerical negative value element-wise.

I.e., \(y = -x\).

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: bfloat16, half, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64, complex128.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor. Has the same type as x.

__or__

View source

__or__(
    x, y
)

Returns the truth value of x OR y element-wise.

Note: math.logical_or supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor of type bool.
y	A Tensor of type bool.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__pow__

View source

__pow__(
    x, y
)

Computes the power of one value to another.

Given a tensor x and a tensor y, this operation computes \(x^y\) for corresponding elements in x and y. For example:

x = tf.constant([[2, 2], [3, 3]])
y = tf.constant([[8, 16], [2, 3]])
tf.pow(x, y)  # [[256, 65536], [9, 27]]

Args
x	A Tensor of type float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64, or complex128.
y	A Tensor of type float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64, or complex128.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor.

__radd__

View source

__radd__(
    y, x
)

Dispatches to add for strings and add_v2 for all other types.

__rand__

View source

__rand__(
    y, x
)

Returns the truth value of x AND y element-wise.

Note: LogicalAnd supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor of type bool.
y	A Tensor of type bool.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__rdiv__

View source

__rdiv__(
    y, x
)

Divide two values using Python 2 semantics.

Used for Tensor.div.

Args
x	Tensor numerator of real numeric type.
y	Tensor denominator of real numeric type.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
x / y returns the quotient of x and y.

__rfloordiv__

View source

__rfloordiv__(
    y, x
)

Divides x / y elementwise, rounding toward the most negative integer.

The same as tf.compat.v1.div(x,y) for integers, but uses tf.floor(tf.compat.v1.div(x,y)) for floating point arguments so that the result is always an integer (though possibly an integer represented as floating point). This op is generated by x // y floor division in Python 3 and in Python 2.7 with from __future__ import division.

x and y must have the same type, and the result will have the same type as well.

Args
x	Tensor numerator of real numeric type.
y	Tensor denominator of real numeric type.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
x / y rounded down.

Raises
TypeError	If the inputs are complex.

__rmatmul__

View source

__rmatmul__(
    y, x
)

Multiplies matrix a by matrix b, producing a * b.

The inputs must, following any transpositions, be tensors of rank >= 2 where the inner 2 dimensions specify valid matrix multiplication dimensions, and any further outer dimensions specify matching batch size.

Both matrices must be of the same type. The supported types are: float16, float32, float64, int32, complex64, complex128.

Either matrix can be transposed or adjointed (conjugated and transposed) on the fly by setting one of the corresponding flag to True. These are False by default.

If one or both of the matrices contain a lot of zeros, a more efficient multiplication algorithm can be used by setting the corresponding a_is_sparse or b_is_sparse flag to True. These are False by default. This optimization is only available for plain matrices (rank-2 tensors) with datatypes bfloat16 or float32.

A simple 2-D tensor matrix multiplication:

a = tf.constant([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], shape=[2, 3])
a  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[1, 2, 3],
       [4, 5, 6]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant([7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], shape=[3, 2])
b  # 2-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 7,  8],
       [ 9, 10],
       [11, 12]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[ 58,  64],
       [139, 154]], dtype=int32)>

A batch matrix multiplication with batch shape [2]:

a = tf.constant(np.arange(1, 13, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 2, 3])
a  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 3), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 1,  2,  3],
        [ 4,  5,  6]],
       [[ 7,  8,  9],
        [10, 11, 12]]], dtype=int32)>
b = tf.constant(np.arange(13, 25, dtype=np.int32), shape=[2, 3, 2])
b  # 3-D tensor
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[13, 14],
        [15, 16],
        [17, 18]],
       [[19, 20],
        [21, 22],
        [23, 24]]], dtype=int32)>
c = tf.matmul(a, b)
c  # `a` * `b`
<tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 2, 2), dtype=int32, numpy=
array([[[ 94, 100],
        [229, 244]],
       [[508, 532],
        [697, 730]]], dtype=int32)>

Since python >= 3.5 the @ operator is supported (see PEP 465). In TensorFlow, it simply calls the tf.matmul() function, so the following lines are equivalent:

d = a @ b @ [[10], [11]]
d = tf.matmul(tf.matmul(a, b), [[10], [11]])

Args
a	tf.Tensor of type float16, float32, float64, int32, complex64, complex128 and rank > 1.
b	tf.Tensor with same type and rank as a.
transpose_a	If True, a is transposed before multiplication.
transpose_b	If True, b is transposed before multiplication.
adjoint_a	If True, a is conjugated and transposed before multiplication.
adjoint_b	If True, b is conjugated and transposed before multiplication.
a_is_sparse	If True, a is treated as a sparse matrix. Notice, this does not support tf.sparse.SparseTensor, it just makes optimizations that assume most values in a are zero. See tf.sparse.sparse_dense_matmul for some support for tf.SparseTensor multiplication.
b_is_sparse	If True, b is treated as a sparse matrix. Notice, this does not support tf.sparse.SparseTensor, it just makes optimizations that assume most values in a are zero. See tf.sparse.sparse_dense_matmul for some support for tf.SparseTensor multiplication.
name	Name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A tf.Tensor of the same type as a and b where each inner-most matrix is the product of the corresponding matrices in a and b, e.g. if all transpose or adjoint attributes are False: output[..., i, j] = sum_k (a[..., i, k] * b[..., k, j]), for all indices i, j.
Note	This is matrix product, not element-wise product.

Raises
ValueError	If transpose_a and adjoint_a, or transpose_b and adjoint_b are both set to True.

__rmod__

View source

__rmod__(
    y, x
)

Returns element-wise remainder of division. When x < 0 xor y < 0 is

true, this follows Python semantics in that the result here is consistent with a flooring divide. E.g. floor(x / y) * y + mod(x, y) = x.

Note: math.floormod supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: int32, int64, bfloat16, half, float32, float64.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor. Has the same type as x.

__rmul__

View source

__rmul__(
    y, x
)

Dispatches cwise mul for "DenseDense" and "DenseSparse".

__ror__

View source

__ror__(
    y, x
)

Returns the truth value of x OR y element-wise.

Note: math.logical_or supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor of type bool.
y	A Tensor of type bool.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor of type bool.

__rpow__

View source

__rpow__(
    y, x
)

Computes the power of one value to another.

Given a tensor x and a tensor y, this operation computes \(x^y\) for corresponding elements in x and y. For example:

x = tf.constant([[2, 2], [3, 3]])
y = tf.constant([[8, 16], [2, 3]])
tf.pow(x, y)  # [[256, 65536], [9, 27]]

Args
x	A Tensor of type float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64, or complex128.
y	A Tensor of type float16, float32, float64, int32, int64, complex64, or complex128.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor.

__rsub__

View source

__rsub__(
    y, x
)

Returns x - y element-wise.

Note: Subtract supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: bfloat16, half, float32, float64, uint8, int8, uint16, int16, int32, int64, complex64, complex128.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor. Has the same type as x.

__rtruediv__

View source

__rtruediv__(
    y, x
)

__rxor__

View source

__rxor__(
    y, x
)

Logical XOR function.

x ^ y = (x | y) & ~(x & y)

The operation works for the following input types:

• Two single elements of type bool
• One tf.Tensor of type bool and one single bool, where the result will be calculated by applying logical XOR with the single element to each element in the larger Tensor.
• Two tf.Tensor objects of type bool of the same shape. In this case, the result will be the element-wise logical XOR of the two input tensors.

Usage:

a = tf.constant([True])
b = tf.constant([False])
tf.math.logical_xor(a, b)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(1,), dtype=bool, numpy=array([ True])>

c = tf.constant([True])
x = tf.constant([False, True, True, False])
tf.math.logical_xor(c, x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(4,), dtype=bool, numpy=array([ True, False, False,  True])>

y = tf.constant([False, False, True, True])
z = tf.constant([False, True, False, True])
tf.math.logical_xor(y, z)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(4,), dtype=bool, numpy=array([False,  True,  True, False])>

Args
x	A tf.Tensor type bool.
y	A tf.Tensor of type bool.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A tf.Tensor of type bool with the same size as that of x or y.

__sub__

View source

__sub__(
    x, y
)

Returns x - y element-wise.

Note: Subtract supports broadcasting. More about broadcasting here

Args
x	A Tensor. Must be one of the following types: bfloat16, half, float32, float64, uint8, int8, uint16, int16, int32, int64, complex64, complex128.
y	A Tensor. Must have the same type as x.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A Tensor. Has the same type as x.

__truediv__

View source

__truediv__(
    x, y
)

__xor__

View source

__xor__(
    x, y
)

Logical XOR function.

x ^ y = (x | y) & ~(x & y)

The operation works for the following input types:

• Two single elements of type bool
• One tf.Tensor of type bool and one single bool, where the result will be calculated by applying logical XOR with the single element to each element in the larger Tensor.
• Two tf.Tensor objects of type bool of the same shape. In this case, the result will be the element-wise logical XOR of the two input tensors.

Usage:

a = tf.constant([True])
b = tf.constant([False])
tf.math.logical_xor(a, b)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(1,), dtype=bool, numpy=array([ True])>

c = tf.constant([True])
x = tf.constant([False, True, True, False])
tf.math.logical_xor(c, x)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(4,), dtype=bool, numpy=array([ True, False, False,  True])>

y = tf.constant([False, False, True, True])
z = tf.constant([False, True, False, True])
tf.math.logical_xor(y, z)
<tf.Tensor: shape=(4,), dtype=bool, numpy=array([False,  True,  True, False])>

Args
x	A tf.Tensor type bool.
y	A tf.Tensor of type bool.
name	A name for the operation (optional).

Returns
A tf.Tensor of type bool with the same size as that of x or y.