tf.keras.metrics.CosineSimilarity

Computes the cosine similarity between the labels and predictions.

Inherits From: MeanMetricWrapper, Mean, Metric, Layer, Module

tf.keras.metrics.CosineSimilarity(
    name='cosine_similarity', dtype=None, axis=-1
)

cosine similarity = (a . b) / ||a|| ||b||

See: Cosine Similarity.

This metric keeps the average cosine similarity between predictions and labels over a stream of data.

name (Optional) string name of the metric instance.
dtype (Optional) data type of the metric result.
axis (Optional) Defaults to -1. The dimension along which the cosine similarity is computed.

Standalone usage:

# l2_norm(y_true) = [[0., 1.], [1./1.414, 1./1.414]]
# l2_norm(y_pred) = [[1., 0.], [1./1.414, 1./1.414]]
# l2_norm(y_true) . l2_norm(y_pred) = [[0., 0.], [0.5, 0.5]]
# result = mean(sum(l2_norm(y_true) . l2_norm(y_pred), axis=1))
#        = ((0. + 0.) +  (0.5 + 0.5)) / 2
m = tf.keras.metrics.CosineSimilarity(axis=1)
m.update_state([[0., 1.], [1., 1.]], [[1., 0.], [1., 1.]])
m.result().numpy()
0.49999997
 
m.reset_state()
m.update_state([[0., 1.], [1., 1.]], [[1., 0.], [1., 1.]],
               sample_weight=[0.3, 0.7])
m.result().numpy()
0.6999999

Usage with compile() API:

model.compile(
    optimizer='sgd',
    loss='mse',
    metrics=[tf.keras.metrics.CosineSimilarity(axis=1)])

Methods

merge_state

View source

merge_state(
    metrics
)

Merges the state from one or more metrics.

This method can be used by distributed systems to merge the state computed by different metric instances. Typically the state will be stored in the form of the metric's weights. For example, a tf.keras.metrics.Mean metric contains a list of two weight values: a total and a count. If there were two instances of a tf.keras.metrics.Accuracy that each independently aggregated partial state for an overall accuracy calculation, these two metric's states could be combined as follows:

m1 = tf.keras.metrics.Accuracy()
_ = m1.update_state([[1], [2]], [[0], [2]])
 
m2 = tf.keras.metrics.Accuracy()
_ = m2.update_state([[3], [4]], [[3], [4]])
 
m2.merge_state([m1])
m2.result().numpy()
0.75

Args
metrics an iterable of metrics. The metrics must have compatible state.

Raises
ValueError If the provided iterable does not contain metrics matching the metric's required specifications.

reset_state

View source

reset_state()

Resets all of the metric state variables.

This function is called between epochs/steps, when a metric is evaluated during training.

result

View source

result()

Computes and returns the scalar metric value tensor or a dict of scalars.

Result computation is an idempotent operation that simply calculates the metric value using the state variables.

Returns
A scalar tensor, or a dictionary of scalar tensors.

update_state

View source

update_state(
    y_true, y_pred, sample_weight=None
)

Accumulates metric statistics.

For sparse categorical metrics, the shapes of y_true and y_pred are different.

Args
y_true Ground truth label values. shape = [batch_size, d0, .. dN-1] or shape = [batch_size, d0, .. dN-1, 1].
y_pred The predicted probability values. shape = [batch_size, d0, .. dN].
sample_weight Optional sample_weight acts as a coefficient for the metric. If a scalar is provided, then the metric is simply scaled by the given value. If sample_weight is a tensor of size [batch_size], then the metric for each sample of the batch is rescaled by the corresponding element in the sample_weight vector. If the shape of sample_weight is [batch_size, d0, .. dN-1] (or can be broadcasted to this shape), then each metric element of y_pred is scaled by the corresponding value of sample_weight. (Note on dN-1: all metric functions reduce by 1 dimension, usually the last axis (-1)).

Returns
Update op.